You die fairly quickly on authentic and you get no indicators that an enemy might have seen you other than audio cues ( Was war das? "what was that?") so cautious movement is a must, unless you want to find yourself in a firefight, the outcome of which is in all probability not going to end favourably for you. Getting favourable shots can be a right pain in the arse because both ballistic factors are turned all the way up shot drop and wind so you have to account for that, which isn't always easy when you're under time pressure because the cover of noise doesn't last forever (the noise indicators only typically last for a few seconds and then you have to wait for the next one).
That is coupled with a lower rate of ammunition pick-up you pick up less rounds for each weapon on authentic than you do on easier difficulties so you're forced to pick your battles wisely and only take the most favourable shots that get you closer to the objective, or spend an hour slowly picking off every enemy by the stealthiest means possible (stealth kills, welrod/semi-auto HDM, and firing the rifle under the cover of noise).
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The rifle you pick gets far fewer rounds than on easier difficulties (I'm not sure about all the rifles, but I know that the mosin nagant only gets 40 rounds total compared to the 100 rounds total it gets on, say, normal) and you only ever get a full magazine-worth of ammunition for whichever secondary you pick (you can never have more than 32 rounds in the MP-40, for example). Your ammunition is also heavily restricted on authentic. That also means there are more options available in picking a route to the objective(s) and finding a way through the maps that doesn't result in you getting shot in the face over and over again. The maps in SE III are more open than they were in SE II, a lot less in the way of urban settings by nature of the setting, so there are more long distance shots. If you play it on authentic, you pretty much have to play it stealthily.